Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia is the major dose-limiting toxicity of systemic cancer chemotherapy, associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and cost. Although prophylactic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), can reduce this complication, their routine use in all patients on myelosuppressive chemotherapy is prohibitively costly. Selective use in patients most at risk for neutropenia may enhance cost-effectiveness, but determining the actual risk is complicated by issues in reporting myelosuppression and dose intensity, among other factors. For this reason, NCCN experts developed these guidelines to assist practitioners in the appropriate prophylactic use of CSFs.
For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org