nephrectomy has well-established oncologic outcomes data comparable to radical nephrectomy, 14 , 17 – 19 which can lead to an increased risk of chronic kidney disease 20 , 21 that is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
Robert J. Motzer, Neeraj Agarwal, Clair Beard, Sam Bhayani, Graeme B. Bolger, Michael A. Carducci, Sam S. Chang, Toni K. Choueiri, Steven L. Hancock, Gary R. Hudes, Eric Jonasch, David Josephson, Timothy M. Kuzel, Ellis G. Levine, Daniel W. Lin, Kim A. Margolin, M. Dror Michaelson, Thomas Olencki, Roberto Pili, Thomas W. Ratliff, Bruce G. Redman, Cary N. Robertson, Charles J. Ryan, Joel Sheinfeld, Philippe E. Spiess, Jue Wang and Richard B. Wilder
Robert J. Motzer, Neeraj Agarwal, Clair Beard, Graeme B. Bolger, Barry Boston, Michael A. Carducci, Toni K. Choueiri, Robert A. Figlin, Mayer Fishman, Steven L. Hancock, Gary R. Hudes, Eric Jonasch, Anne Kessinger, Timothy M. Kuzel, Paul H. Lange, Ellis G. Levine, Kim A. Margolin, M. Dror Michaelson, Thomas Olencki, Roberto Pili, Bruce G. Redman, Cary N. Robertson, Lawrence H. Schwartz, Joel Sheinfeld and Jue Wang
Kidney Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
NCCN Categories of Evidence and Consensus
Category 1: The recommendation is based on high-level evidence (e.g., randomized controlled trials) and there isuniform NCCN consensus.
Category 2A: The recommendation is based on lower-level evidence and there is uniform NCCN consensus.
Category 2B: The recommendation is based on lower-level evidence and there is nonuniform NCCN consensus (but no major disagreement).
Category 3: The recommendation is based on any level of evidence but reflects major disagreement.
All recommendations are category 2A unless otherwise noted.
Clinical trials: The NCCN believes that the best management for any cancer patient is in a clinical trial. Participation in clinical trials is especially encouraged.
Overview
In 2008, an estimated 54,390 Americans were diagnosed with kidney cancer and 13,010 died of the disease in the United States.1 Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) comprises approximately 2% of all malignancies, with a median age at diagnosis of 65 years. The rate of RCC has increased 2% per year for the past 65 years. The reason for this increase is unknown. Approximately 90% of renal tumors are RCC, and 85% of these are clear cell tumors.2 Other, less-common cell types include papillary, chromophobe, and Bellini (collecting) duct tumors. Collecting duct carcinoma comprises fewer than 1% of all cases. Medullary renal carcinoma is a variant of collecting duct renal carcinoma and was initially described as occurring in patients who are sickle cell–trait positive.
Smoking and obesity are among the risk factors for RCC development. Several hereditary types...
Priya Wanchoo, Chris Larrison, Carol Rosenberg, Naomi Ko, Cynthia Cantril, Naomi Moeller, Ruchit Parikh and Ana-Marija Djordjevic
therapy, 16% would continue anastrozole and 7% would administer either single-agent or combination chemotherapy. Thus, 1 in 4 individuals would not make the optimal choice. Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD
Siyang Leng, Yizhen Chen, Wei-Yann Tsai, Divaya Bhutani, Grace C. Hillyer, Emerson Lim, Melissa K. Accordino, Jason D. Wright, Dawn L. Hershman, Suzanne Lentzsch and Alfred I. Neugut
, including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, use of hemodialysis, osteoporosis, osteopenia, and hypercalcemia. Comorbidity score was assessed using the Klabunde adaptation of the Charlson comorbidity index. 21 The initial antineoplastic regimen
Adam J. Olszewski, Kalyan C. Mantripragada and Jorge J. Castillo
and health services using claims from 1 year preceding the DLBCL diagnosis. In particular, chronic kidney disease was defined as occurrence of any of the following codes from the ICD-9: 582.*, 583.*, 585.*, 586, or 588.*. Health services were
Michael Xiang and Elizabeth A. Kidd
; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma. Determination of Study Variables and Outcomes Comorbidity was calculated using the Charlson comorbidity index as previously described. 17 Presence of chronic kidney disease was determined from claims before diagnosis, and
David Y. T. Chen and Robert G. Uzzo
Edited by Kerrin G. Robinson
McKiernan J Simmons R Katz J Russo P . Natural history of chronic renal insufficiency after partial and radical nephrectomy . Urology 2002 ; 59 : 816 – 820 . 8 Huang WC Levey AS Serio AM . Chronic kidney disease after nephrectomy in patients
Jeffrey A. Gilreath, Daniel S. Sageser, James A. Jorgenson and George M. Rodgers
AV Cook JD . Iron deficiency and overload . Hematology 2003 ; 1 : 40 – 61 . 32. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease . Am J Kidney Dis 2006 ; 47 ( 5 Suppl 3
Michael B. Streiff, Bjorn Holmstrom, Aneel Ashrani, Paula L. Bockenstedt, Carolyn Chesney, Charles Eby, John Fanikos, Randolph B. Fenninger, Annemarie E. Fogerty, Shuwei Gao, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Paul Hendrie, Nicole Kuderer, Alfred Lee, Jason T. Lee, Mirjana Lovrincevic, Michael M. Millenson, Anne T. Neff, Thomas L. Ortel, Rita Paschal, Sanford Shattil, Tanya Siddiqi, Kristi J. Smock, Gerald Soff, Tzu-Fei Wang, Gary C. Yee, Anaadriana Zakarija, Nicole McMillian and Anita M. Engh
, acknowledging that supporting data are limited (see VTE-C, page 1081). Renal Insufficiency and Anticoagulant Dosing in Obese Patients Chronic kidney disease and renal insufficiency are associated with obesity 88 – 92 and with an increased risk of
Laura M. Kulik
Dr. Kulik has received research support from the National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive & Kidney Diseases; Roche Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; and Schering-Plough Research Institute. References 1
