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Perspectives on Surveillance and Survivorship: When to Make the Transition

Lillie D. Shockney

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Communicating with Patients on Treatment Options for Advanced Disease

Lillie D. Shockney and Anthony Back

A diagnosis of advanced cancer is devastating to patients and their families. The cancer care team has typically been ineffective in communicating honestly but sensitively on issues of concern, including treatment options, prognosis, and factors that affect quality-of-life. In a presentation at the NCCN 18th Annual Conference, palliative care experts Dr. Anthony Back and Ms. Lillie D. Shockney discussed the challenge of communicating about advanced disease, offered a new paradigm, and described approaches that can make physicians and nurses more comfortable and more effective in this role.

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NCCN Roundtable: Talking to Children About Cancer

Martha Aschenbrenner, Bruce Ham, Paula K. Rauch, Zoraida Sambolin, Maya Silver, and Lillie D. Shockney

A roundtable presentation at the NCCN 19th Annual Conference focused on the child’s experience when a parent has cancer and concluded that honest communication, appropriate to the child’s age and temperament, is essential, and that oncology providers should institute programs that help families deal with the illness.

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HSR21-076: Valued Outcomes in the Cancer Experience (VOICE™): Developing and Validating a Measure of Patient Experience

Alexandra K. Zaleta, Erica E. Fortune, Melissa F. Miller, Branlyn W. DeRosa, Joanne S. Buzaglo, Karen Hurley, Mitch Golant, Sara Goldberger, Bruce Rapkin, Lillie D. Shockney, Jemeille Ackourey, and Kelly A. Clark

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HSR19-113: Valued Outcomes in the Cancer Experience (VOICE™): Scale Development and Initial Validation

Alexandra K. Zaleta, Shauna McManus, Joanne S. Buzaglo, Eva Y. N. Yuen, Julie S. Olson, Melissa F. Miller, Karen Hurley, Lillie D. Shockney, Sara Goldberger, Mitch Golant, and Kevin Stein

Background: Despite growing recognition that patient preferences and values should inform cancer care, patients’ views continue to be under-represented. We developed a quantitative tool, Valued Outcomes in the Cancer Experience (VOICE), to measure patient priorities and to understand discrepancies between what matters most to patients and what patients believe they can control. This study presents VOICE development and initial validation. Methods: 459 cancer patients completed an online survey and rated level of importance and perceived control for 54 value items (0=not at all; 4=very much). Items were derived from patient and caregiver focus groups and included themes such as independence, functional abilities, planning for the future, symptom management, health knowledge, and social support. Participants also completed validated measures of hope, optimism, quality of life, financial toxicity, spiritual well-being, illness perceptions, social support, self-efficacy, intolerance of uncertainty, and cancer-related distress. Iterative exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with direct oblique rotation, magnitude of importance and control ratings, and Pearson correlations between items and validation measures were used to inform scale refinement. Results: Participants were 86% non-Hispanic white; mean age=60 years, SD=10; 38% breast cancer, 18% blood, 9% lung, 9% prostate; mean time since diagnosis=6.5 years, SD=6; 22% metastatic. Items that did not load in the EFA, or were not associated with conceptually relevant validation measures, were removed or reworded. The final EFA explained over half of the variance in the data and demonstrated good fit, with absolute and relative fit indices in established acceptable ranges (P<.001). The refined VOICE measure addresses diverse themes including access to care, maintaining independence, longevity, shared decision making, illness understanding, symptom management, emotional support, connection to illness community, spirituality, and end of life preparation. Conclusions: The study results demonstrate a framework for developing a quantitative, multidimensional measure of patient values. By understanding what matters most to patients, VOICE is positioned to bring patient preferences to the foreground of cancer care, contribute to shared decision making, and enhance care. Next steps include further validation of this tool in diverse settings, including oncology practices and community-based organizations.

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NCCN Guidelines Insights: Survivorship, Version 2.2020

Featured Updates to the NCCN Guidelines

Crystal S. Denlinger, Tara Sanft, Javid J. Moslehi, Linda Overholser, Saro Armenian, K. Scott Baker, Gregory Broderick, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Debra L. Friedman, Mindy Goldman, Norah Lynn Henry, Christine Hill-Kayser, Melissa Hudson, Nazanin Khakpour, Divya Koura, Allison L. McDonough, Michelle Melisko, Kathi Mooney, Halle C. F. Moore, Natalie Moryl, Tracey O’Connor, Electra D. Paskett, Chirayu Patel, Lindsay Peterson, William Pirl, M. Alma Rodriguez, Kathryn J. Ruddy, Lillie Shockney, Sophia Smith, Karen L. Syrjala, Amye Tevaarwerk, Phyllis Zee, Nicole R. McMillian, and Deborah A. Freedman-Cass

The NCCN Guidelines for Survivorship provide screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations for consequences of adult-onset cancer and its treatment, with the goal of helping healthcare professionals who work with survivors, including those in primary care. The guidelines also provide recommendations to help clinicians promote physical activity, weight management, and proper immunizations in survivors and facilitate care coordination to ensure that all of the survivors’ needs are addressed. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize additions and changes made to the guidelines in 2020 regarding cardiovascular disease risk assessment and screening for subsequent primary malignancies.

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NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Survivorship, Version 1.2022

Featured Updates to the NCCN Guidelines

Tara Sanft, Andrew Day, Lindsay Peterson, M. Alma Rodriguez, Shannon Ansbaugh, Saro Armenian, K. Scott Baker, Tarah Ballinger, Gregory Broderick, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Kristin Dickinson, Nathan Paul Fairman, Debra L. Friedman, Mindy Goldman, Norah Lynn Henry, Christine Hill-Kayser, Melissa Hudson, Nazanin Khakpour, Divya Koura, Allison L. McDonough, Michelle Melisko, Kathi Mooney, Halle C.F. Moore, Natalie Moryl, Heather Neuman, Tracey O’Connor, Linda Overholser, Electra D. Paskett, Chirayu Patel, William Pirl, Andrea Porpiglia, Kathryn J. Ruddy, Lidia Schapira, Lillie Shockney, Sophia Smith, Karen L. Syrjala, Amye Tevaarwerk, Eric H. Yang, Phyllis Zee, Nicole R. McMillian, and Deborah A. Freedman-Cass

The NCCN Guidelines for Survivorship are intended to help healthcare professionals who work with survivors to ensure that the survivors’ complex and varied needs are addressed. The NCCN Guidelines provide screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations for the consequences of adult-onset cancer and its treatment; recommendations to help promote physical activity, weight management, and immunizations in survivors; and a framework for care coordination. This article summarizes updates to the NCCN Guidelines pertaining to preventive health for cancer survivors, including recommendations about alcohol consumption and vaccinations.

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Survivorship, Version 1.2021

Featured Updates to the NCCN Guidelines

Amye Tevaarwerk, Crystal S. Denlinger, Tara Sanft, Shannon M. Ansbaugh, Saro Armenian, K. Scott Baker, Gregory Broderick, Andrew Day, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Kristin Dickinson, Debra L. Friedman, Patricia Ganz, Mindy Goldman, Norah Lynn Henry, Christine Hill-Kayser, Melissa Hudson, Nazanin Khakpour, Divya Koura, Allison L. McDonough, Michelle Melisko, Kathi Mooney, Halle C.F. Moore, Natalie Moryl, Javid J. Moslehi, Tracey O’Connor, Linda Overholser, Electra D. Paskett, Chirayu Patel, Lindsay Peterson, William Pirl, M. Alma Rodriguez, Kathryn J. Ruddy, Lidia Schapira, Lillie Shockney, Sophia Smith, Karen L. Syrjala, Phyllis Zee, Nicole R. McMillian, and Deborah A. Freedman-Cass

The NCCN Guidelines for Survivorship are intended to help healthcare professionals working with cancer survivors to ensure that each survivor’s complex and varied needs are addressed. The Guidelines provide screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations for consequences of adult-onset cancer and its treatment; recommendations to help promote healthful lifestyle behaviors, weight management, and immunizations in survivors; and a framework for care coordination. This article summarizes the recommendations regarding employment and return to work for cancer survivors that were added in the 2021 version of the NCCN Guidelines.