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2002, the NCCN panel advocated 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin adjuvant therapy for stage III or node-positive disease and 5-FU leucovorin with or without irinotecan (IFL) as first-line therapy for metastatic disease. Second-line therapies for

higher total doses (60–66 Gy in 30–33 fractions). The advantage of adjuvant therapy is that the final pathology is clearly established. 3 Figure 6 Spindle tumor cells in bundle and fascicles (hematoxylin-eosin stain, original magnification x100

in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Kidney Cancer. Adjuvant Therapy Three trials have been conducted in the adjuvant setting, 2 of which (ASSURE and PROTECT) showed negative results for adjuvant sunitinib, sorafenib, and pazopanib. A third trial

pancreatic cancer, 80% of patients are diagnosed with advanced unresectable disease; 80% experience relapse after resection and adjuvant therapy; and median overall survival (OS) of patients with untreated metastatic disease is only 3 months. The “cure rate

pathologically staged as FIGO stage IA (pT1a pN0 Mx). She received no adjuvant therapy. She returned 3 months later with recurrent vaginal bleeding. A 2-cm friable mass was visualized at the apex of the vaginal cuff on pelvic examination and was resected

. 29. Gunderson LL Sosin H . Adenocarcinoma of the stomach: areas of failure in a re-operation series (second or symptomatic look) clinicopathologic correlation and implications for adjuvant therapy . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1982 ; 8 : 1

percentage. Of course, a few caveats are warranted. The bulk of these reports are derived from studies of women taking adjuvant therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Such patients often have a favorable prognosis and might reasonably be

and MEK inhibitors, and effective adjuvant therapies can be expected to increase the impact of accurate staging with SLNB on overall survival. At the time of metastasis to lymph nodes in 2002, the patient was treated with complete lymphadenectomy

improve 10-year OS compared with observation (51.8% vs 48.4%; P =.32). 13 Although early analysis demonstrated a DFS benefit of adjuvant therapy for patients with ypT0–2 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64; 95% CI, 0.45–0.91; P =.13), this benefit was not observed

, radiotherapy (RT), and adjuvant therapy. 2 – 6 Regardless of these extensive costs to Medicare, there is insufficient up-to-date information on healthcare utilization and costs incurred by specific services, and factors significantly contributing to these