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clinical trials. Early trials showed that extended surgery (“local therapy”) does not improve mortality over less aggressive surgery. Trials conducted in the 1970s and 1980s clearly showed that radical surgery involving removal of the breast provides no

positive peritoneal cytology, who represent a high-risk subgroup, and identify the 20% to 30% of patients with presumed localized cancer who in fact have low-volume peritoneal disease. 13 , 14 Surgery Surgery is the primary treatment for localized

– 11 De novo MBC is considered incurable but treatable. Generally, systemic therapy is viewed as the mainstay of treatment. 12 Primary tumor surgery is considered in selected patients, mostly in the palliative setting for those with impending

salvage therapies. 7 Although most recurrences present within the first couple of years after surgery and approximately half of all distant recurrences occur in the lung, late recurrences and nonpulmonary sites of metastatic disease are not uncommon. 5

debulking surgery . J Surg Oncol 1991 ; 48 : 39 – 44 . 4. McGuire WP Hoskins WJ Brady MF . Cyclophosphamide and cisplatin compared with paclitaxel and cisplatin in patients with stage III and stage IV ovarian cancer . N Engl J Med 1996

: 3020 – 3028 . 4 Herr HW : Surgical factors in bladder cancer: more (nodes) + more (pathology) = less (mortality) . BJU Int 2003 ; 92 : 187 – 188 . 5 Herr HW : Extent of surgery and pathology evaluation has an impact on bladder

Advanced-stage disease (stage III–IV) is diagnosed in 75% to 85% of patients, and standard management generally involves cytoreductive surgery and platinum/taxane-based chemotherapy. 2 Novel strategies and technologies are desperately needed to diagnose

Gynecologic Oncology Group study (LAP2) . J Clin Oncol 2009 ( submitted ). 22 Malur S Possover M Michels W Schneider A . Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal versus abdominal surgery in patients with endometrial cancer--a prospective randomized trial

among sponsored institutions was provided. Analysis of the NCCN TiCToC (Timing in Continuation and Transition of Care) Measures revealed that Moffitt Cancer Center lagged in the time from breast biopsy to first definitive surgery with an average of 6

comparison with previous meta-analyses . Tumori 2002 ; 88 : 21 – 27 . 35. Macdonald JS Smalley SR Benedetti J . Chemoradiotherapy after surgery compared with surgery alone for adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction . N Engl