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indicated as part of the systemic chemotherapy regimen. Mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection is standard in patients with IBC who respond to preoperative chemotherapy. After surgery, postmastectomy radiation is recommended with adjuvant endocrine

reports, and large database-derived series have shown conflicting results regarding the role of RT. 17 – 23 Some report improved local control with surgery and RT versus surgery alone, whereas others have shown no benefit. Existing studies are

. World J Surg 1996 ; 20 : 860 – 866 ; discussion 866 . 5 Kallinowski F Buhr HJ Meybier H . Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid—therapeutic strategy derived from fifteen years of experience . Surgery 1993 ; 114 : 491 – 496 . 6

. Philadelphia : WB Saunders ; 1991 : 559 – 624 . 34. Park L DeLaney T Liebsch N . Sacral chordomas: impact of high-dose proton/photon-beam radiation therapy combined with or without surgery for primary versus recurrent tumor . Int J Radiat Oncol

Although it can occur anywhere on the body, BCC is most likely to arise on the head and neck, which has the greatest ultraviolet exposure. Treatment of appropriately selected BCCs with standard excision or Mohs surgery results in high cure rates. Non

for a total of 6 months of perioperative systemic therapy for LARC. 12 The purpose of this study was to examine the population-based outcomes of patients with LARC treated with neoadjuvant CRT followed by surgery with or without AC using data from the

recommended for surveillance and treatment of late effects of surgery, RT, and chemotherapy in long-term survivors. Patients should be given a survivorship prescription to schedule follow-up with a multidisciplinary team. Fertility issues should be discussed

occlusion of splenic vein, portal vein, and SMV, with mild stranding near the SMA ( Figure 2 ). The decision was made to offer extended Whipple surgery with SMV and portal vein reconstruction in an attempt for a cure. The CA 19-9 level at this time was less

A wide range of approaches exist for treating aggressive nonmelanoma skin cancers, including surgery, radiation therapy (RT), cytotoxic chemotherapy, systemic immunotherapy, and active surveillance. Selecting an appropriate therapeutic approach

-related death, respectively. 3 Surgery is the primary curative treatment modality, except for esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), for which definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) can be considered. 4 , 5 Despite advances in surgical techniques, prognosis