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cancer mortality is not known. Other factors, such as venous stasis from vessel compression, immobility, central venous catheters (CVC), and thrombogenic anticancer therapies, such as tamoxifen and thalidomide, play a role in some patients. The new agents

. 6 Within cancer care, the earliest reports of nonadherence rates were documented in breast cancer with endocrine therapies, ranging from 12% to 59% with tamoxifen and 9% to 50% with aromatase inhibitors. 7 In a systematic review by Greer et al, 1

-conserving surgery plus radiation therapy in DCIS are available. Several studies compare local excision to local excision plus whole-breast radiation (with or without tamoxifen), 9 and all showed improved local control with the addition of whole-breast radiation

the EORTC Breast Cancer Cooperative Group and EORTC Radiotherapy Group . J Clin Oncol 2006 ; 24 : 3381 – 3387 . 16801628 2. Houghton J , George WD , Cuzick J , . Radiotherapy and tamoxifen in women with completely excised ductal carcinoma

metastases were diagnosed and changing from letrozole to tamoxifen produced disease stabilization. In May 2011, massive hepatic progression was noted, with obstructive jaundice, ascites, and pleural effusion. Treatment with capecitabine and intensive

. Effects of radiotherapy and surgery in early breast cancer – An overview of the randomized trials . N Engl J Med 1995 ; 333 : 1444 – 1456 . 2 Early Breast Cancer Trialists'Collaborative Group . Effects of adjuvant tamoxifen and of cytotoxic

Carrasco EM . Tamoxifen therapy for ovarian cancer in the adjuvant and advanced settings: systematic review of the literature and implications for future research . Gynecol Oncol 2002 ; 84 : 201 – 209 . 45. del Carmen MG Fuller AF Matulonis

, exemestane, and letrozole) have been shown to increase the risk of fracture compared with tamoxifen. Osteoporotic fracture is a concern in men, because up to 25% of men older than 50 suffer one, he added. ADT appears to increase the risk of fracture in men

subtypes are a key determinant. Clinical trials have demonstrated that patients with HR+ (ER+ and/or PR+) breast cancer benefit from tamoxifen, those with HR– (ER– and PR–) benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, and those with HER2+ disease benefit from

. Lumpectomy plus tamoxifen with or without irradiation in women 70 years of age or older with early breast cancer . N Engl J Med 2004 ; 351 : 971 – 977 . 11. Hughes KS Schnaper LA Bellon JR . Lumpectomy plus tamoxifen with or without irradiation