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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Version 2.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology

Neil P. Shah, Ravi Bhatia, Jessica K. Altman, Maria Amaya, Kebede H. Begna, Ellin Berman, Onyee Chan, Joan Clements, Robert H. Collins Jr, Peter T. Curtin, Daniel J. DeAngelo, Michael Drazer, Lori Maness, Leland Metheny, Sanjay Mohan, Joseph O. Moore, Vivian Oehler, Keith Pratz, Iskra Pusic, Michal G. Rose, William Shomali, B. Douglas Smith, Michael Styler, Moshe Talpaz, Tiffany N. Tanaka, Srinivas Tantravahi, James Thompson, Steven Tsai, Jennifer Vaughn, Jeanna Welborn, David T. Yang, Hema Sundar, and Kristina Gregory

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is defined by the presence of Philadelphia chromosome resulting from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 [t9;22] that gives rise to a BCR::ABL1 fusion gene. CML occurs in 3 different phases (chronic, accelerated, and blast phase) and is usually diagnosed in the chronic phase in developed countries. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is a highly effective treatment option for patients with chronic phase–CML. The primary goal of TKI therapy in patients with chronic phase–CML is to prevent disease progression to accelerated phase–CML or blast phase–CML. Discontinuation of TKI therapy with careful monitoring is feasible in selected patients. This manuscript discusses the recommendations outlined in the NCCN Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with chronic phase–CML.