Physical Activity is Medicine

Author:
Alfredo Carrato
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 MD, PhD
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Disclosures: Dr. Carrato has disclosed not having any financial interests, arrangements, affiliations, or commercial interests with the manufacturers of any products discussed in this article or their competitors.

Correspondence: Alfredo Carrato, MD, PhD, Alcala University, Department of Medicine, Calle Princesa 43, 11D, 28008 Madrid, Spain. Email: acarrato@telefonica.net
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  • 1.

    Neuzillet C, Bouché O, Tournigand C, et al. Effect of adapted physical activity in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: the APACaP GERCOR randomized clinical trial. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2023;21:12351243.

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  • 2.

    Rock CL, Thomson C, Gansler T, et al. American Cancer Society guideline for diet and physical activity for cancer prevention. CA Cancer J Clin 2020;70:245271.

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    Islami F, Goding Sauer A, Miller KD, et al. Proportion and number of cancer cases and deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in the United States. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:3154.

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  • 4.

    Rock CL, Thomson CA, Sullivan KR, et al. American Cancer Society nutrition and physical activity guideline for cancer survivors. CA Cancer J Clin 2022;0:133.

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    Emery A, Moore S, Turner JE, Campbell JP, et al. Reframing how physical activity reduces the incidence of clinically-diagnosed cancers: appraising exercise-induced immuno-modulation as an integral mechanism. Front Oncol 2022;12:788113.

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  • 6.

    Moore SC, Lee IM, Weiderpass E, et al. Association of leisure-time physical activity with risk of 26 types of cancer in 1.44 million adults. JAMA Intern Med 2016;176:816825.

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  • 7.

    Saint-Maurice PF, Coughlan D, Kelly SP, et al. Association of leisure-time physical activity across the adult life course with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. JAMA Netw Open 2019;2:e190355.

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  • 8.

    McTiernan A, Friedenreich CM, Katzmarzyk PT, et al. Physical activity in cancer prevention and survival: a systematic review. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019;51:12521261.

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  • 9.

    Fiuza-Luces C, Valenzuela PL, Gálvez BG, et al. The effect of physical exercise on anticancer immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. Published online October 4, 2023. doi: 10.1038/s41577-023-00943-0

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  • 10.

    Kurz E, Alcantara Hirsch C, Dalton T, et al. Exercise-induced engagement of the IL-15/IL-15Rα axis promotes anti-tumor immunity in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell 202211;40:720737.e5.

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  • 11.

    López-Otín C, Pietrocola F, Roiz-Valle D, et al. Meta-hallmarks of aging and cancer. Cell Metab 2023;35:1235.

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    De Miguel Z, Khoury N, Betley MJ, et al. Exercise plasma boosts memory and dampens brain inflammation via clusterin. Nature 2021;600:494499.

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    Kartal E, Schmidt TSB, Molina-Montes E, et al. A fecal microbiota signature with high specificity for pancreatic cancer. Gut 2022;71:13591372.

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    Boytar AN, Nitert MD, Morrision M, et al. Exercise-induced changes to the human gut microbiota and implications for colorectal cancer: a narrative review. J Physiol 2022;600: 51895201.

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