Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma, Version 3.2021

Authors:
Jamie E. Flerlage St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center;

Search for other papers by Jamie E. Flerlage in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD, MS
,
Susan M. Hiniker Stanford Cancer Institute;

Search for other papers by Susan M. Hiniker in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Saro Armenian City of Hope National Medical Center;

Search for other papers by Saro Armenian in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 DO, MPH
,
Ellen C. Benya Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago/Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University;

Search for other papers by Ellen C. Benya in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Adam J. Bobbey The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute;

Search for other papers by Adam J. Bobbey in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Vivian Chang UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Vivian Chang in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Stacy Cooper The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins;

Search for other papers by Stacy Cooper in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Don W. Coulter Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Don W. Coulter in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Branko Cuglievan The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Branko Cuglievan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Bradford S. Hoppe Mayo Clinic Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Bradford S. Hoppe in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD, MPH
,
Leidy Isenalumhe Moffitt Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Leidy Isenalumhe in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD, MS
,
Kara Kelly Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Kara Kelly in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Leslie Kersun Children's Hospital of Philadelphia/Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania;

Search for other papers by Leslie Kersun in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD, MSCE, MSEd
,
Adam J. Lamble Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance;

Search for other papers by Adam J. Lamble in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Nicole A. Larrier Duke Cancer Institute;

Search for other papers by Nicole A. Larrier in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD, MSc
,
Jeffrey Magee Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine;

Search for other papers by Jeffrey Magee in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD, PhD
,
Kwadwo Oduro Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute;

Search for other papers by Kwadwo Oduro in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD, PhD
,
Martha Pacheco UT Southwestern Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Martha Pacheco in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Anita P. Price Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Anita P. Price in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Kenneth B. Roberts Yale Cancer Center/Smilow Cancer Hospital;

Search for other papers by Kenneth B. Roberts in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Christine M. Smith Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Christine M. Smith in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Aliyah R. Sohani Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Aliyah R. Sohani in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Erin M. Trovillion UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Erin M. Trovillion in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Emily Walling University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center;

Search for other papers by Emily Walling in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD, MPHS
,
Ana C. Xavier O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at UAB; and

Search for other papers by Ana C. Xavier in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 MD
,
Jennifer L. Burns National Comprehensive Cancer Network.

Search for other papers by Jennifer L. Burns in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Mallory Campbell National Comprehensive Cancer Network.

Search for other papers by Mallory Campbell in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 PhD
Restricted access

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a highly curable form of cancer, and current treatment regimens are focused on improving treatment efficacy while decreasing the risk of late effects of treatment. The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for pediatric HL provide recommendations on the workup, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of classic HL, including principles of pathology, imaging, staging, systemic therapy, and radiation therapy. This portion of the NCCN Guidelines focuses on the management of pediatric classic HL in the upfront and relapsed/refractory settings.

Individual Disclosures for the NCCN Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma Panel

T1

  • Collapse
  • Expand
  • 1.

    Allen CE, Kelly KM, Bollard CM. Pediatric lymphomas and histiocytic disorders of childhood. Pediatr Clin North Am 2015;62:139165.

  • 2.

    Jarrett RF. Risk factors for Hodgkin’s lymphoma by EBV status and significance of detection of EBV genomes in serum of patients with EBV-associated Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2003;44(Suppl 3): S2732.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 3.

    Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin 2020;70:730.

  • 4.

    Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, et al. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, Revised 4th ed. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2017.

  • 5.

    Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, et al. Cancer Statistics, 2021. CA Cancer J Clin 2021;71:733.

  • 6.

    Ward E, DeSantis C, Robbins A, et al. Childhood and adolescent cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin 2014;64:83103.

  • 7.

    Miller KD, Fidler-Benaoudia M, Keegan TH, et al. Cancer statistics for adolescents and young adults, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin 2020;70:443459.

  • 8.

    Kelly KM. Hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents: improving the therapeutic index. Hematology (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program) 2015;2015:514521.

  • 9.

    Mauz-Körholz C, Metzger ML, Kelly KM, et al. Pediatric Hodgkin llymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2015;33:29752985.

  • 10.

    Cheson BD, Fisher RI, Barrington SF, et al. Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the Lugano classification. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:30593068.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 11.

    El-Galaly TC, d’Amore F, Mylam KJ, et al. Routine bone marrow biopsy has little or no therapeutic consequence for positron emission tomography/computed tomography-staged treatment-naive patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:45084514.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 12.

    Salaun PY, Gastinne T, Bodet-Milin C, et al. Analysis of 18F-FDG PET diffuse bone marrow uptake and splenic uptake in staging of Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a reflection of disease infiltration or just inflammation? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2009;36:18131821.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 13.

    Purz S, Mauz-Körholz C, Körholz D, et al. [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for detection of bone marrow involvement in children and adolescents with Hodgkin’s lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:35233528.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 14.

    Carbone PP, Kaplan HS, Musshoff K, et al. Report of the Committee on Hodgkin’s Disease Staging Classification. Cancer Res 1971;31:18601861.

  • 15.

    Lister TA, Crowther D, Sutcliffe SB, et al. Report of a committee convened to discuss the evaluation and staging of patients with Hodgkin’s disease: Cotswolds meeting. J Clin Oncol 1989;7:16301636.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 16.

    Flerlage JE, Kelly KM, Beishuizen A, et al. Staging Evaluation and Response Criteria Harmonization (SEARCH) for Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma (CAYAHL): Methodology statement [published online January 18, 2017]. Pediatr Blood Cancer, doi: 10.1002/pbc.2642

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Export Citation
  • 17.

    Kluge R, Kurch L, Georgi T, et al. Current role of FDG-PET in pediatric Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Semin Nucl Med 2017;47:242257.

  • 18.

    McCarten KM, Nadel HR, Shulkin BL, et al. Imaging for diagnosis, staging and response assessment of Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Pediatr Radiol 2019;49:15451564.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 19.

    Voss SD, Cairo MS. Surveillance imaging in pediatric lymphoma. Pediatr Radiol 2019;49:15651573.

  • 20.

    Barrington SF, Mikhaeel NG, Kostakoglu L, et al. Role of imaging in the staging and response assessment of lymphoma: consensus of the International Conference on Malignant Lymphomas Imaging Working Group. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:30483058.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 21.

    Meignan M, Gallamini A, Haioun C, et al. Report on the Second International Workshop on interim positron emission tomography in lymphoma held in Menton, France, 8-9April 2010. Leuk Lymphoma 2010;51:21712180.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 22.

    Meignan M, Gallamini A, Itti E, et al. Report on the Third International Workshop on Interim Positron Emission Tomography in Lymphoma held in Menton, France, 26-27 September 2011 and Menton 2011 consensus. Leuk Lymphoma 2012;53:18761881.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 23.

    Barrington SF, Qian W, Somer EJ, et al. Concordance between four European centres of PET reporting criteria designed for use in multicentre trials in Hodgkin lymphoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2010;37:18241833.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 24.

    Barrington SF, Kluge R. FDG PET for therapy monitoring in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 44: (Suppl 1):97110.

  • 25.

    Schaefer NG, Taverna C, Strobel K, et al. Hodgkin disease: diagnostic value of FDG PET/CT after first-line therapy–is biopsy of FDG-avid lesions still needed? Radiology 2007;244:257262.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 26.

    Filippi AR, Ragona R, Piva C, et al. Optimized volumetric modulated arc therapy versus 3D-CRT for early stage mediastinal Hodgkin lymphoma without axillary involvement: a comparison of second cancers and heart disease risk. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015;92:161168.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 27.

    Hoppe BS, Flampouri S, Su Z, et al. Effective dose reduction to cardiac structures using protons compared with 3DCRT and IMRT in mediastinal Hodgkin lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012;84:449455.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 28.

    Hoppe BS, Flampouri S, Zaiden R, et al. Involved-node proton therapy in combined modality therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma: results of a phase 2 study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014;89:10531059.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 29.

    Hoskin PJ, Díez P, Williams M, et al. Recommendations for the use of radiotherapy in nodal lymphoma. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2013;25:4958.

  • 30.

    Giulino-Roth L, Keller FG, Hodgson DC, et al. Current approaches in the management of low risk Hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents. Br J Haematol 2015;169:647660.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 31.

    Dörffel W, Lüders H, Rühl U, et al. Preliminary results of the multicenter trial GPOH-HD 95 for the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease in children and adolescents: analysis and outlook. Klin Padiatr 2003;215:139145.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 32.

    Mauz-Körholz C, Hasenclever D, Dörffel W, et al. Procarbazine-free OEPA-COPDAC chemotherapy in boys and standard OPPA-COPP in girls have comparable effectiveness in pediatric Hodgkin’s lymphoma: the GPOH-HD-2002 study. J Clin Oncol 2010;28:36803686.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 33.

    Landman-Parker J, Wallace H, Hasenclever D, et al. First International Inter-Group Study for Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children and Adolescents: EuroNet-PHL-C1 European protocol Euronet PHL-C1; Report of the latest interim Analysis [Abstract# P064]. Haematologica; 10th International Symposium on Hodgkin Lymphoma Symposium (ISHL10) 2016;101:35.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 34.

    Keller FG, Castellino SM, Chen L, et al. Results of the AHOD0431 trial of response adapted therapy and a salvage strategy for limited stage, classical Hodgkin lymphoma: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group. Cancer 2018;124:32103219.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 35.

    Bhethanabhotla S, Jain S, Kapoor G, et al. Outcome of pediatric advanced Hodgkin lymphoma treated with ABVD and predictors of inferior survival: a multicenter study of 186 patients. Leuk Lymphoma 2017;58:16171623.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 36.

    Jain S, Kapoor G, Bajpai R. ABVD-based therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents: lessons learnt in a tertiary care oncology center in a developing country. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016;63:10241030.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 37.

    Marr KC, Connors JM, Savage KJ, et al. ABVD chemotherapy with reduced radiation therapy rates in children, adolescents and young adults with all stages of Hodgkin lymphoma. Ann Oncol 2017;28:849854.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 38.

    Stieglitz E, Dinh T, Phelps AS, et al. ABVD without radiation for newly diagnosed pediatric and young adult patients with Hodgkin lymphoma: a single center retrospective analysis of 28 consecutive patients. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2018;40:290294.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 39.

    Zubizarreta PA, Alfaro E, Guitter M, et al. Children and adolescent Hodgkin lymphoma in Argentina: long-term results after combined ABVD and restricted radiotherapy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2017;39:602608.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 40.

    Friedman DL, Chen L, Wolden S, et al. Dose-intensive response-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy for children and adolescents with newly diagnosed intermediate-risk hodgkin lymphoma: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group Study AHOD0031. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:36513658.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 41.

    Schwartz CL, Constine LS, Villaluna D, et al. A risk-adapted, response-based approach using ABVE-PC for children and adolescents with intermediate- and high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma: the results of P9425. Blood 2009;114:20512059.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 42.

    Kelly KM, Cole PD, Pei Q, et al. Response-adapted therapy for the treatment of children with newly diagnosed high risk Hodgkin lymphoma (AHOD0831): a report from the Children’s Oncology Group. Br J Haematol 2019;187:3948.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 43.

    Kelly KM, Sposto R, Hutchinson R, et al. BEACOPP chemotherapy is a highly effective regimen in children and adolescents with high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group. Blood 2011;117:25962603.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 44.

    Castellino SM, Parsons SK, Pei Q, et al. A randomized phase III trial of brentuximab vedotin (Bv) for de novo high-risk classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) in children and adolescents - study design and incorporation of secondary endpoints in Children’s Oncology Group (COG) AHOD1331. Accessed May 4, 2021. Available at: https://childrensoncologygroup.org/ahod1331

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Export Citation
  • 45.

    Kelly KM. Management of children with high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2012;157:313.

  • 46.

    Amini A, Murphy B, Cost CR, et al. Cardiac mortality in children and adolescents with Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Analysis. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2016;5:181186.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 47.

    Bhakta N, Liu Q, Yeo F, et al. Cumulative burden of cardiovascular morbidity in paediatric, adolescent, and young adult survivors of Hodgkin’s lymphoma: an analysis from the St Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Lancet Oncol 2016;17:13251334.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 48.

    Clausen CT, Hasle H, Holmqvist AS, et al. Hyperthyroidism as a late effect in childhood cancer survivors - an Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS) study. Acta Oncol 2019;58:227231.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 49.

    Dörffel W, Riepenhausenl M, Lüders H, et al. Secondary malignancies following treatment for Hodgkin’s lymphoma in childhood and adolescence. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2015;112:320327.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 50.

    Fernandez-Pineda I, Davidoff AM, Lu L, et al. Impact of ovarian transposition before pelvic irradiation on ovarian function among long-term survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma: a report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018;65:e27232.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 51.

    Inskip PD, Veiga LHS, Brenner AV, et al. Hypothyroidism after radiation therapy for childhood cancer: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Radiat Res 2018;190:117132.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 52.

    O’Brien MM, Donaldson SS, Balise RR, et al. Second malignant neoplasms in survivors of pediatric Hodgkin’s lymphoma treated with low-dose radiation and chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2010;28:12321239.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 53.

    Oeffinger KC, Hudson MM, Mertens AC, et al. Increasing rates of breast cancer and cardiac surveillance among high-risk survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma following a mailed, one-page survivorship care plan. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:818824.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 54.

    van Dalen EC, Caron HN, Dickinson HO, et al. Cardioprotective interventions for cancer patients receiving anthracyclines. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;2011:CD003917.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 55.

    Children’s Oncology Group. Long-term follow-up guidelines for survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancers. 2018. Accessed January 31, 2019. Available at: http://survivorshipguidelines.org/pdf/2018/COG_LTFU_Guidelines_v5.pdf

    • PubMed
    • Export Citation
  • 56.

    Daw S, Wynn R, Wallace H. Management of relapsed and refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents. Br J Haematol 2011;152:249260.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 57.

    Daw S, Hasenclever D, Mascarin M, et al. Risk and response adapted treatment guidelines for managing first relapsed and refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma in children and young people. Recommendations from the EuroNet Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma Group. HemaSphere 2020;4:e329.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 58.

    Josting A, Rudolph C, Reiser M, et al. Time-intensified dexamethasone/cisplatin/cytarabine: an effective salvage therapy with low toxicity in patients with relapsed and refractory Hodgkin’s disease. Ann Oncol 2002;13:16281635.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 59.

    Shankar A, Hayward J, Kirkwood A, et al. Treatment outcome in children and adolescents with relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma–results of the UK HD3 relapse treatment strategy. Br J Haematol 2014;165:534544.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 60.

    Baetz T, Belch A, Couban S, et al. Gemcitabine, dexamethasone and cisplatin is an active and non-toxic chemotherapy regimen in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin’s disease: a phase II study by the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group. Ann Oncol 2003;14:17621767.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 61.

    Moskowitz CH, Nimer SD, Zelenetz AD, et al. A 2-step comprehensive high-dose chemoradiotherapy second-line program for relapsed and refractory Hodgkin disease: analysis by intent to treat and development of a prognostic model. Blood 2001;97:616623.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 62.

    Schellong G, Dörffel W, Claviez A, et al. Salvage therapy of progressive and recurrent Hodgkin’s disease: results from a multicenter study of the pediatric DAL/GPOH-HD study group. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:61816189.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 63.

    Trippett TM, Schwartz CL, Guillerman RP, et al. Ifosfamide and vinorelbine is an effective reinduction regimen in children with refractory/relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma, AHOD00P1: a children’s oncology group report. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:6064.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 64.

    Horton TM, Drachtman RA, Chen L, et al. A phase 2 study of bortezomib in combination with ifosfamide/vinorelbine in paediatric patients and young adults with refractory/recurrent Hodgkin lymphoma: a Children’s Oncology Group study. Br J Haematol 2015;170:118122.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 65.

    Krishnan A, Bhatia S, Slovak ML, et al. Predictors of therapy-related leukemia and myelodysplasia following autologous transplantation for lymphoma: an assessment of risk factors. Blood 2000;95:15881593.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 66.

    Cole PD, Schwartz CL, Drachtman RA, et al. Phase II study of weekly gemcitabine and vinorelbine for children with recurrent or refractory Hodgkin’s disease: a children’s oncology group report. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:14561461.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 67.

    Marr K, Ronsley R, Nadel H, et al. Ifosfamide, gemcitabine, and vinorelbine is an effective salvage regimen with excellent stem cell mobilization in relapsed or refractory pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020;67:e28167.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 68.

    O’Connor OA, Lue JK, Sawas A, et al. Brentuximab vedotin plus bendamustine in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma: an international, multicentre, single-arm, phase 1-2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2018;19:257266.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 69.

    Cole PD, McCarten KM, Pei Q, et al. Brentuximab vedotin with gemcitabine for paediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma (AHOD1221): a Children’s Oncology Group, multicentre single-arm, phase 1-2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2018;19:12291238.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 70.

    Cole PD, Mauz-Körholz C, Mascarin M, et al. Nivolumab and brentuximab vedotin (BV)-based, response‐adapted treatment in children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYA) with standard-risk relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R cHL): primary analysis. J Clin Oncol 2020;38(Suppl):80138013.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 71.

    Armand P, Shipp MA, Ribrag V, et al. Programmed death-1 blockade with pembrolizumab in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma after brentuximab vedotin failure. J Clin Oncol 2016;34:37333739.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 72.

    Younes A, Santoro A, Shipp M, et al. Nivolumab for classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma after failure of both autologous stem-cell transplantation and brentuximab vedotin: a multicentre, multicohort, single-arm phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2016;17:12831294.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 73.

    Chen R, Zinzani PL, Fanale MA, et al. Phase II study of the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab for relapsed/refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2017;35:21252132.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 74.

    Geoerger B, Kang HJ, Yalon-Oren M, et al. Pembrolizumab in paediatric patients with advanced melanoma or a PD-L1-positive, advanced, relapsed, or refractory solid tumour or lymphoma (KEYNOTE-051): interim analysis of an open-label, single-arm, phase 1-2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2020;21:121133.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 75.

    Herrera AF, Moskowitz AJ, Bartlett NL, et al. Interim results of brentuximab vedotin in combination with nivolumab in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2018;131:11831194.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 76.

    Moskowitz AJ, Herrera AF, Manley T, et al. Brentuximab vedotin and nivolumab for relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma: long-term follow-up results from the single-arm phase 1/2 study. Blood 2019;134 (Suppl 1):238238.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 77.

    Kuruvilla J, Ramchandren R, Santoro A, et al. KEYNOTE-204: randomized, open-label, phase III study of pembrolizumab (pembro) versus brentuximab vedotin (BV) in relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R cHL). J Clin Oncol 2020;38(Suppl):80058005.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 78.

    Moskowitz CH, Nademanee A, Masszi T, et al. Brentuximab vedotin as consolidation therapy after autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma at risk of relapse or progression (AETHERA): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2015;385:18531862.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 79.

    Kahn S, Flowers C, Xu Z, et al. Does the addition of involved field radiotherapy to high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation improve outcomes for patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011;81:175180.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 80.

    Wilke C, Cao Q, Dusenbery KE, et al. Role of consolidative radiation therapy after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for the treatment of relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017;99:94102.

    • Crossref
    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

Metrics

All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 0 0 0
Full Text Views 10147 3508 220
PDF Downloads 9347 2993 176
EPUB Downloads 0 0 0